Men doing electrical tests

Electrical mechanical and environmental tests

Electrical testing, LVD

J.S. Hamilton is a well-known and recognized laboratory that performs tests of low-voltage equipment and products that meet the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) (2014/35/EU) and harmonized standards.

We perform tests for the following series of standards:

  • PN-EN 60204 (IEC 60204) – a standard concerning the safety of electrical equipment of machines. Its main objective is to ensure that the design, installation and maintenance of electrical systems in industrial machines comply with safety regulations to protect people and property from electrical hazards.
  • PN-EN 62208 (IEC 62208) – a standard that specifies general technical and testing requirements for empty enclosures intended for the installation of low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies. Its purpose is to ensure that enclosures supplied by manufacturers are safe and meet criteria that will enable the subsequent construction of a complete, standard-compliant switchgear assembly.
  • PN-EN IEC 61439 – the standard specifies requirements for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies. Its purpose is to ensure the safety, reliability, and durability of these devices. This series replaced the earlier EN 60439 standard and introduced key changes, especially in the areas of responsibility and verification.
  • PN-EN 60598 (IEC 60598) – a series of European and international standards (as IEC 60598) that regulate the safety requirements for lighting fixtures.

Its primary purpose is to ensure that lamps, luminaires, and other lighting devices are safe to use and do not pose a risk of electric shock, fire, or other hazards.

  • PN-EN 60335 (IEC 60335) – a key series of European standards that regulate the safe use of household and similar electrical appliances. Its primary purpose is to protect users, including children and the elderly, from hazards such as electric shock, fire, burns, and mechanical hazards.
  • PN-EN IEC 62368 – a standard regarding the safety of audiovisual, information technology and telecommunications (ICT) devices. It replaced the older, more complex EN 60950-1 (for IT equipment) and EN 60065 (for audiovisual equipment) standards with a modern, risk-based approach to safety engineering.
  • PN-EN 61851 – a key set of European and international standards (similar to
    IEC 61851) that defines electrical safety requirements for electric vehicle (EV) charging systems. Its primary goal is to ensure the safety of the charging process for the user, the vehicle, and the surrounding environment.
  • PN-EN 60601 (IEC 60601) – a standard that specifies safety requirements and essential technical parameters for medical electrical equipment. Its primary goal is to ensure that medical devices are safe for patients, operators, and other persons during normal use and in the event of a single fault.
  • EN 62841 (IEC 62841) is a key series of European and international standards that defines safety requirements for handheld, portable, and lawn and garden power tools. Its primary purpose is to ensure the safety of these tools for users by preventing electric shock, fire, and mechanical injury. This standard largely replaced the older EN 60745 and EN 61029 standards.

To receive a detailed quote for testing services or if you have any other questions regarding testing, please contact us:

Technical and sales representatives are available to assist you both before and during the testing phase. They speak Polish, English, and German.

Compliance with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU, is mandatory for all electrical products covered by its scope that are placed on the European Union market.

Conformity Assessment Process

This process is called conformity assessment, for which the manufacturer is fully responsible. It involves several key steps:

  • Preparation of technical documentation: The manufacturer must collect and prepare documents demonstrating that the product meets safety requirements.
    This documentation should include, among other things, test results, technical drawings, and a risk analysis.
  • Issuance of the EU Declaration of Conformity: This is a written statement by the manufacturer declaring that their product complies with all applicable EU directives.
  • CE Marking: Once the declaration has been issued, the manufacturer can affix the CE mark to the product, providing a visible confirmation of compliance.

The Role of Notified Bodies

Although the entire process is the responsibility of the manufacturer, in some cases they may utilize the services of a notified or certification body. However, this is not mandatory under the LVD Directive. The manufacturer can commission independent tests to confirm compliance with standards (e.g., the EN 60335 series), which facilitates the creation of technical documentation and reduces the risk of introducing a dangerous product to the market.

 To receive a detailed quote for testing services or if you have any other questions regarding testing, please contact us:

PN-EN 60204 (IEC 60204)

The purpose of this standard is to ensure that electrical systems in machines are safe, reliable, and easy to operate. EN 60204-1 (general part) applies to a wide range of machines, from simple machine tools to complex production lines. The standard covers the entire life cycle of a machine, from design and installation to testing, maintenance and repair.

The PN-EN 60204-1 standard focuses on several key areas:

  • Power and disconnection: Requires that each machine must have a visible, easily accessible power disconnect device that can be locked in the “off” position (e.g., a main switch).
  • Protection against electric shock: Defines methods of protection against contact with live parts (insulation, grounding, use of low voltage).
  • Control and safety functions: Requires the use of an emergency stop button (E-stop) and other functions that ensure the safe stopping of the machine in a hazardous situation.
  • Technical documentation: Requires manufacturers to prepare detailed documentation, including electrical diagrams, drawings, technical specifications, and operating instructions.
  • Marking and identification: Specifies the rules for labeling cables, terminals and devices, facilitating safe installation, service, and maintenance.

Relationship to the Machinery Directive

The PN-EN 60204-1 standard is harmonized with the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. This means that meeting its requirements gives the manufacturer a presumption of conformity with the essential safety requirements of this directive. This is a key step in the conformity assessment process, which allows the machine to be legally placed on the market and CE marked.

EN 62208 (IEC 62208)

This standard focuses on verifying the design and material characteristics of empty enclosures to safely protect the equipment contained within.

Key areas assessed include:

  • IP Protection Rating: According to EN 60529, enclosures must provide adequate protection against the ingress of solid objects and water. For example, an enclosure with an IP65 rating is completely dust-tight and protected against water jets.
  • Mechanical Impact Resistance (IK): The standard requires enclosures to be tested for impact resistance in accordance with EN 62262, ensuring their durability in harsh environments.
  • Material Properties: Materials are tested for their resistance to corrosion, UV radiation, and flammability.
  • Protective circuit continuity: In the case of metal enclosures, the standard requires ensuring an adequate electrical connection between all parts, which is crucial for effective grounding and protection against electric shock.

All of the above tests are accredited to the AB1552 standard performed by the J.S. Hamilton Laboratory.

The PN-EN 62208 standard is closely related to the PN-EN 61439 series of standards, which apply to complete switchboards. Compliance of the empty enclosure with PN-EN 62208 is a prerequisite for building a complete switchboard, which must then meet the requirements of PN-EN 61439. In short, PN-EN 62208 ensures the quality and safety of the “enclosure” in which the electrical components will be housed.

EN IEC 61439

The EN IEC 61439 series of standards consists of a general part and several specific parts, which are always used together:

  • EN IEC 61439-1 (General rules): This is a basic document that contains definitions, verification principles, and general requirements applicable to all types of switchgear.
  • EN IEC 61439-2 (Switchgear and controlgear for power distribution): Applies to switchgear and controlgear assemblies used in industry and buildings for the distribution of electrical energy.
  • EN IEC 61439-3 (Distribution boards intended for use by lay persons): Specifies requirements for switchgear that is accessible to ordinary users, e.g., in residential buildings.
  • EN IEC 61439-5 (Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies for the distribution of electrical energy in public networks). The EN 61439-5 standard applies to assemblies used in public power networks, outdoor installations (e.g., street lighting poles, distribution poles), and indoor installations (e.g., substations in public buildings). These assemblies are used to distribute electricity, control street lighting, and protect equipment in public places.

The most significant change introduced by the 61439 series compared to previous standards is the shift from the concept of “type-test” to design verification. This means that the manufacturer must prove the compliance of the switchgear through a series of tests, calculations, and design checks.

Key areas of verification include:

  • Temperature rise: Testing whether the temperature inside the switchgear does not exceed permissible limits.
  • Short-circuit current withstand: Verification that the switchgear will withstand the dynamic and thermal forces generated during a short circuit.
  • IP rating: Confirmation that the enclosure provides adequate protection against solid objects and water. Compliance with the PN-EN IEC 61439 standard is crucial for manufacturers, as it provides a presumption of conformity with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and allows for the legal introduction of a product onto the EU market with the CE marking. In addition to performing the above tests, JS Hamilton also offers certification performed by our PCA-accredited certification body.

EN 60598 (IEC 60598)

Like many other product safety standards, the EN 60598 series (luminaires) is divided into two main parts, which must always be used together:

EN 60598-1 (General requirements): This part contains fundamental requirements and test procedures that apply to all types of luminaires. It addresses aspects such as:

  • Protection against electric shock.
  • Mechanical resistance and structural stability.
  • Resistance to heat and fire.
  • Requirements for internal wiring and terminals.

EN 60598-2-xx (Particular requirements): This part consists of multiple standards, each covering a specific type of luminaire. These standards supplement or modify the general requirements, adapting them to the specific needs of a given product. Examples include:

  • EN 60598-2-1: Fixed general purpose luminaires (e.g., surface-mounted ceiling lights).
  • EN 60598-2-2: Recessed luminaires (e.g., standard halogen ceiling lights, furniture luminaires).
  • EN 60598-2-3: Street lighting luminaires.
  • EN 60598-2-4: Portable general purpose luminaires (e.g., table lamps, floor lamps).
  • EN 60598-2-5: Floodlights (floodlight luminaires).
  • EN 60598-2-6: Luminaires with integrated transformer or converter for incandescent lamps.
  • EN 60598-2-7: Portable luminaires for garden use.
  • EN 60598-2-8: Hand-held inspection lamps. • EN 60598-2-9: Luminaires for photography and cinematography (non-professional).
  • EN 60598-2-10: Luminaires for use in entertainment venues (e.g., theaters, film studios).
  • EN 60598-2-11: Luminaires for aquariums.
  • EN 60598-2-12: Luminaires with plug-in sockets.
  • EN 60598-2-13: Recessed luminaires.
  • EN 60598-2-20: String lights (e.g., for Christmas decorations).
  • EN 60598-2-22: Luminaires for emergency lighting.
  • EN 60598-2-23: Luminaires for street lighting.

Compliance with the PN-EN 60598 series of standards is crucial for manufacturers and importers of lighting fixtures. Meeting these requirements is essential to demonstrating compliance with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and other EU directives, which in turn entitles the product to bear the CE mark. In this way, manufacturers declare that their product complies with all relevant EU regulations and is safe for users.

EN 60335 (IEC 60335)

This standard implements the international IEC 60335 series of standards, which specifies safety requirements for household and similar electrical appliances.

The EN 60335 series has a two-part structure, similar to its international counterpart:

EN 60335-1 (General requirements): This part contains fundamental requirements and test procedures that apply to all appliances covered by the series. It specifies principles regarding, among other things, protection against access to live parts, heating of the appliance, resistance to moisture, and mechanical strength.

EN 60335-2-xx (Particular requirements): This part consists of multiple standards, each covering a specific type of appliance. These standards supplement or modify the general requirements of Part 1, adapting them to the specific needs of the product.
Below are the most common standards from the EN 60335-2-xx series:

  • EN 60335-2-2: Vacuum cleaners and water-suction cleaning appliances.
  • EN 60335-2-3: Electric irons.
  • EN 60335-2-6: Stationary cookers, hobs, ovens, and similar appliances.
  • EN 60335-2-7: Washing machines.
  • EN 60335-2-8: Electric shavers, hair clippers, and similar appliances.
  • EN 60335-2-9: Grills, toasters, and similar portable cooking appliances.
  • EN 60335-2-11: Tumble dryers.
  • EN 60335-2-14: Kitchen machines (e.g., food processors, blenders, mixers).
  • EN 60335-2-15: Liquid heating appliances (e.g., kettles, coffee machines).
  • EN 60335-2-24: Refrigerating appliances, ice cream makers, and ice machines.
  • EN 60335-2-34: Motor compressors.
  • EN 60335-2-40: Electric heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers.
  • EN 60335-2-80: Fans.
  • EN 60335-2-89: Commercial refrigerating appliances and ice makers with integrated or separate refrigeration units.

The PN-EN 60335-1 (IEC 60335-1) standard specifies general tests and requirements to ensure the safety of household electrical appliances. These tests are necessary to assess the product’s compliance with the standard and are performed by the manufacturer or the JS HAMILTON testing laboratory.

Electric Shock Protection Tests:

  • Leakage Current Measurement: Verifies that the leakage current does not exceed permissible values that are safe for the user.
  • Dielectric Strength: A test involving the application of a high voltage to the insulation to ensure that there is no breakdown, which could cause a shock.
  • Insulation Test: Assessing whether the insulation is sufficient and free of damage.
  • Clearance and Leakage Current Testing after Damp Test: Verifying that moisture does not reduce the insulation below permissible levels.

Mechanical Strength Tests:

  • Impact Testing: Verifying that the product’s housing is resistant to impacts, e.g., with a hammer impact or a pendulum impact.
  • Stability and Mechanical Strength Testing: Assessing whether the device is stable and will not tip over during normal use. Thermal (Heating) Tests:

Temperature Rise Measurement:

  • The device operates under normal and emergency conditions, and the temperature on its surfaces and internal surfaces is measured to ensure it does not reach dangerous levels that could cause burns or fire.

Fire Resistance Testing:

  • Glow-wire tests assess the flammability of the materials used in the device’s construction.

Construction Testing:

  • Protection against Access to Live Parts: A finger test and other probes are used to ensure that the user does not have access to hazardous live parts.

Moisture Resistance Testing:

  • The device is exposed to moisture (e.g., by dousing it with water), and its electrical parameters are then assessed to ensure it does not pose a hazard.

EN IEC 62368

The main innovation of the standard is its approach based on hazard-based safety engineering (HBSE). Unlike previous standards, which focused on specific, detailed design requirements, EN IEC 62368 focuses on three key steps:

  • Identification of energy sources: Locating all energy sources in the product that could be harmful to users. This includes electrical, thermal, kinetic, chemical, and radiant energy.
  • Classification of energy sources: These sources are classified into three levels (ES1, ES2, ES3) based on their potential harmfulness.
  • Implementation of safeguards: Implementation of appropriate protective mechanisms to prevent the transfer of harmful energy to the user.

Flexibility: HBSE gives manufacturers greater design freedom, allowing them to implement innovative solutions, provided their safety is proven.
Compliance with PN-EN IEC 62368 is crucial for electronics manufacturers, as it allows them to legally place products on the EU market and mark them with the CE mark. This standard is harmonized with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD), meaning that compliance with it provides a presumption of conformity with the directive’s requirements.

The tests specified in the IEC 62368 standard include:

  • Identification and classification of energy sources: The first step is to identify all energy sources in the product (electrical, thermal, mechanical, radiant) and assign them a class (ES1, ES2, ES3) based on their potential harmfulness.
  • Assessment of protective barriers: Verification of whether barriers (e.g., insulation, enclosure, safety switches) are sufficient to protect against classified energy sources. These tests include:
  • Dielectric strength tests: A test involving the application of a high voltage to the insulation to ensure there is no breakdown, which could cause electric shock.
  • Clearance and leakage current measurements: Verification of whether the distances between current-carrying parts are sufficient to prevent shock.
  • Impact and mechanical strength tests: Verification of whether the product enclosure is resistant to damage that could expose hazardous parts.
  • Thermal Tests:
  • Temperature Rise Measurement: The device operates under normal and emergency conditions, and the temperature on its surfaces and internal surfaces is measured to ensure it does not reach dangerous levels that could cause burns or fire.
  • Material Flammability Tests: Glow-wire tests assess the resistance of materials to ignition.
  • Power Supply Tests:
  • Internal Power Supply Test: Verification of the safety of power supply circuits, including batteries and internal power supplies.
  • External Power Supply Requirements: Assessment of whether the supplied power supply meets the relevant safety standards (e.g., EN 62368-1). Verification of the Declaration of Conformity of the power supply provided for testing.

To receive a detailed quote for testing services or if you have any other questions regarding testing, please contact us:

Technical and sales representatives are available to assist you both before and during the testing phase. They speak Polish, English, and German.

EN 61851

The EN 61851 standard covers a number of issues that are crucial for the safety and compatibility of charging systems:

  • Charging Modes: Defines four basic charging modes (Mode 1 to Mode 4), which differ in their degree of control, safety, and power supply type (AC or DC). The safest modes (Mode 3 and 4) ensure communication between the charging station and the vehicle, allowing for dynamic control of the charging process.
  • Communication: Specifies the communication signals and protocols that must be exchanged between the vehicle and the charging station. This ensures that charging only begins when the connection is secure and the current parameters are appropriately adjusted.
  • Protection against electric shock: Imposes requirements for insulation, grounding, and the use of residual current devices (RCDs) to protect the user from hazardous voltages.
  • Requirements for cables and connectors: Specifies the design and technical parameters of cables, plugs, and charging sockets to safely carry high currents.

Compliance with the PN-EN 61851 standard is essential for manufacturers of electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Meeting its requirements is crucial for obtaining an EU Declaration of Conformity and CE marking. This standard is harmonized with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD), meaning that its application provides a presumption of compliance with the directive’s essential safety requirements.

The main areas of testing and verification of compliance with the EN 61851 standard include:

  • Functional communication tests: Verification of proper communication between the charging station and the vehicle. Compatibility of communication protocols is tested to ensure that charging only begins when all safety parameters are confirmed. This includes verification of the control signals (CP, PP) on the connector, which are responsible for vehicle detection, current control, and charging readiness confirmation.
  • Electrical safety tests: Verification of the system’s safety for the user. These tests include:
  • Leakage current measurement: Verification that the leakage current does not exceed permissible limits, which could pose a shock hazard.
  • Dielectric strength: A test involving the application of a high voltage to ensure sufficient insulation between live parts and the housing.
  • Safety Functionality: Built-in safety devices (e.g., differential circuit breakers, overcurrent protection) are tested to ensure they function properly, cutting off power in the event of a short circuit or current leakage.
  • Environmental and Mechanical Testing: The device’s resistance to external conditions is verified. This includes:
  • IP Rating Testing: Verification of the housing’s resistance to dust and water ingress, which is crucial for external chargers.
  • Mechanical Durability: Impact resistance of the housing and connector is tested, which is essential in public spaces.
  • Charging Mode Verification: Each declared charging mode (e.g., Mode 2, Mode 3, Mode 4) is confirmed to comply with the standard’s requirements, including appropriate safeguards and charging process control.

EN 60601 (IEC 60601)

The EN 60601 series of standards has a three-level structure, allowing for a comprehensive approach to safety:

EN 60601-1 (General requirements): This is a fundamental document that contains general safety requirements applicable to all electrical medical devices. It covers topics such as protection against electric shock, mechanical hazards, radiation protection, and risks associated with overheating.

EN 60601-1-xx (Collateral standards): These standards supplement the general requirements, but do not address specific products, but rather general aspects. An example is EN 60601-1-2, which addresses electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), which is crucial to ensuring that medical devices do not interfere with other devices in a hospital.

EN 60601-2-xx (Particular standards): These standards contain detailed requirements for specific types of medical devices. They may modify or add requirements from Part 1 to address specific device risks.

Compliance with the PN-EN 60601 standards is mandatory for manufacturers wishing to introduce their medical devices to the European market. Meeting these standards provides a presumption of conformity with the essential safety requirements of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 (MDR), which is necessary for obtaining the CE marking and legal sale of the medical device. Compliance with the standards is verified through rigorous testing and audits, often conducted by external, accredited bodies.

EN 60601 requires a series of rigorous tests to ensure the safety and basic functionality of medical electrical equipment. These tests are based on risk management and are designed to assess potential hazards to patients and medical staff:

  • Electrical tests:
    • Protection against electric shock: This includes dielectric strength tests (applying a high voltage to test insulation), leakage current measurements, and verification of insulation distances and leakage current.
    • Overcurrent and short-circuit protection: This tests verify that the device has appropriate overcurrent protection (e.g., fuses) to prevent damage and fire in the event of a short circuit.
    • Protective earthing test: This verifies that protective circuits and earth connections are effective and have low resistance.
  • Mechanical tests:
    • Mechanical strength and stability: Shock, drop, and load tests verify that the device’s design is sufficiently robust to prevent damage during normal use that could lead to a hazard.
    • Stability Tests: Verify that the device is stable and will not tip over during normal use, such as on a sloped surface.
  • Thermal Tests:
    • Temperature Rise Measurement: The device is tested under normal conditions and in the event of a single fault to ensure that no part of the device reaches a temperature that could cause burns to the patient or operator.
    • Fire Resistance: The materials used in the device are tested for flammability to minimize the risk of fire.
  • Environmental and Other Tests:
    • Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC): These tests, detailed in EN 60601-1-2, verify that the device does not generate interference that could affect other medical devices and is immune to external interference.
    • Liquid Ingress Protection: The IP rating is verified to ensure the device is safe in wet environments, such as in the event of liquid spills. Risk Assessment: Manufacturers must conduct a formal risk assessment (as per ISO 14971), identifying all potential hazards and describing how they will be minimized.

EN 62841 (IEC 62841)

A series of standards specifying safety requirements for hand-held electric power tools, portable power tools, and lawn and garden tools.

Like many other product safety standards, the PN-EN 62841 series has a two-part structure that is used in conjunction:

PN-EN 62841-1 (General requirements): This part contains fundamental safety requirements that apply to all tools covered by the series. It specifies principles for, among other things, protection against electric shock, mechanical strength, resistance to moisture, design, and marking.

PN-EN 62841-2-xx and PN-EN 62841-3-xx (Particular requirements): These parts contain specific requirements for individual tool types. They supplement or modify the requirements in Part 1, adapting them to the unique hazards associated with each tool.

  • Examples of standards from the EN 62841-2 series
    • EN 62841-2-1: applies to hand-held drills and impact drills. It specifies specific requirements for, among other things, drill chucks and impact mechanisms.
    • EN 62841-2-2: applies to hand-held screwdrivers and impact wrenches.
    • EN 62841-2-3: applies to hand-held grinders, polishers, and disc sanders.
    • EN 62841-2-4: applies to belt sanders.
    • EN 62841-2-5: applies to circular saws.
  • Examples of standards from the EN 62841-3 series
    • EN 62841-3-1: applies to portable table saws. It specifies specific requirements for, among other things, guards, riving knives and dust extraction systems.
    • EN 62841-3-4: Applies to transportable planers and thicknessers.
    • EN 62841-3-5: Applies to transportable band saws.
    • EN 62841-3-6: Applies to transportable wet diamond drilling tools.
  • Examples of standards from the EN 62841-4 series:
    • EN 62841-4-1: Applies to lawn mowers. This standard specifies, among other things, requirements for guards, emergency blade stop mechanisms, and machine stability.
    • EN 62841-4-2: Applies to hedge trimmers. It requires, among other things, safeguards against accidental starting and appropriate handle design.
    • EN 62841-4-3: Applies to grass trimmers and brushcutters. It specifies requirements for protection against thrown stones and other objects.
    • EN 62841-4-4: Applies to blowers, vacuum cleaners, and vacuum cleaners with blowers for gardens.

Compliance with the PN-EN 62841 standard is crucial for manufacturers and importers placing power tools on the market in Poland and throughout the European Union. It is one of the main ways to demonstrate compliance with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC) and the Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU). Compliance with these standards entitles the product to be legally marked with the CE marking.

The EN 62841 series of standards requires a series of tests performed by the JS Hamilton Laboratory:

  • Electrical Tests:
    • Dielectric Strength Test: Tests the insulation of a device by applying a high voltage to ensure there is no breakdown that could cause electric shock.
    • Leakage Current Measurement: Verifies that the leakage current does not exceed permissible, safe values.
    • Protective Earthing Test: Verifies the continuity of the earthing circuit, which is crucial for protection against shock in the event of insulation damage.
  • Mechanical Tests:
    • Impact Test: Verifies that the housing and other parts are resistant to impact, for example, from a fall.
    • Handle and Guard Strength Test: Verifies that handles will not break under load and that protective guards are strong enough to protect against rotating parts.
    • Stability Test: Verifies that portable tools, such as table saws, will not tip over during normal operation.
  • Thermal Testing:
    • Temperature Rise Test: The tool is operated under normal operating conditions and its temperature is verified to be below the level that could cause burns to the user.
    • Fire Resistance Test: The tool’s materials are tested for flammability to minimize the risk of fire.
  • Other Testing:
    • Control Function Test: Switches and buttons are checked for proper operation, such as the emergency stop button.
    • Liquid and Dust Ingress Protection Test: The IP rating is verified to ensure the tool is safe under various environmental conditions.

The J.S. Hamilton Testing Laboratory in Siemianowicach Śląskich conducts a number of tests on electrical properties, including: DC and AC voltage measurements,

  • DC and AC current measurements,
  • Frequency and capacitance measurements,
  • Inductance measurements,
  • Resistance measurements and diode tests,
  • Leakage resistance to ground (floors, work surfaces, shelves, trolleys, chairs),
  • Resistance of the “person/footwear/floor” system (grounding effectiveness via ESD footwear and the given floor),
  • Resistance between points (floors, work surfaces, flat materials, clothing), electrification,
  • Electrical strength of insulation,
  • Insulation resistance of cable lines, transformers, motors, and other electrical power devices, including devices used in telecommunications,
  • Isolation distances,
  • Capacity of cells and batteries,
  • Short-circuit resistance of cells and batteries,
  • Protection against residual voltages,
  • Continuity of protective connections and resistance of protective circuits and equipotential bonding,
  • Surface resistance RS, Volume resistance RV, resistance between points RP of non-metallic materials,
  • resistance of pipes and hydraulic hoses made of plastic and rubber,
  • thermal – heating, temperature rises, maximum temperatures using contact and non-contact methods (thermal imaging),
  • intrinsically safe systems.

The JS Hamilton Laboratory holds the AB1552 accreditation issued by the Polish Center for Accreditation (PCA).

To receive a detailed quote for testing services or if you have any other questions regarding testing, please contact us:

Technical and sales representatives are available to assist you both before and during the testing phase. They speak Polish, English, and German.

 

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